Mainstream agricultural research has focused primarily on technical and biological aspects and is aimed at controlling or manipulating nature through the use of external inputs, such as
agricultural chemicals or super seed. In developing countries, the results of this research have benefited some resource-rich farmers in well-endowed areas, were suitable to only a limited
extent for poorer farmers in the more favourable areas, and were - in most cases - completely inappropriate for small-scale farmers in marginal areas, e.g. in the mountains or the drylands.
There is increasing emphasis being put on the need to be 'internationally competitive'. This imperative is being driven, it is argued, by the globalization of economic and corporate life. This 'globalization' is the subject of a burgeoning academic literature. To achieve and maintain the necessary competitive edge requires companies to be innovative, technologically dynamic, and organizationally efficient - in a dynamic, not just static sense.
Este documento describe la cadena de valor del café en Nicaragua. Describe los aspectos clave del sector cafetalero en Nicaragua las zonas de producción, identifica los eslabones de la cadena de valor de café, los espacios de concertación y mecanismos de coordinación existente y al final apunta los retos para la cadena de valor de café en el país.
Este documento describe la cadena de valor del la leche en Nicaragua. Describe los aspectos clave del sector lechero en Nicaragua, las zonas de producción, identifica los eslabones de la cadena de valor de la leche, los espacios de concertación y mecanismos de coordinación existente y al final apunta los retos para la cadena de valor de la leche en el país.