En esta investigación se analizan y aportan evidencias acerca de la concepción y metodología de cadenas productivas o redes de valor aplicadas al café, así como su utilidad para la integración vertical de productores y sus organizaciones. En estos procesos de agregación de valor e innovaciones en la cadena tiene un papel fundamental la creación de redes de participación y autogestión de actores, en la perspectiva de lo que se denomina como enredamiento para el desarrollo sustentable.
Con el propósito de evaluar el efecto de tecnologías aplicadas de manera participativa, en un marco de conservación de los recursos naturales sobre la productividad de pequeños rumiantes, se probaron seis tecnologías. El enfoque de sistemas participativos permitió diseñar actividades apropiadas, incrementando la productividad y promoviendo la conservación de recursos naturales
The Farmer Field School (FFS) approach has been very successful and witnessed a strong expansion in many areas beyond crop production. Notwithstanding this success, the adoption of FFS in national extension often remains problematic and FFS activities have often been implemented in the margin of national institutions with strong reliance on donor funding. The creation of an enabling environment for institutional support is essential for expanding the effort, improving quality, and strengthening impact and continuity of the FFSs.
This chapter analyses the functioning of the Brazilian agricultural innovation system. It discusses the role of the different actors and describes governance mechanisms to define priorities and evaluate performance. It analyses trends in agricultural R&D expenditure and sources of funding, the role of intellectual property protection in fostering knowledge markets, and outlines mechanisms used to facilitate knowledge transfers, including collaboration at the national level and the adoption of innovation at the farm or firm level.
African agriculture is currently at a crossroads, at which persistent food shortages are compounded by threats from climate change. But, as this book argues, Africa can feed itself in a generation and help contribute to global food security. To achieve this Africa has to define agriculture as a force in economic growth by: advancing scientific and technological research; investing in infrastructure; fostering higher technical training; and creating regional markets.
This work summarizes background papers prepared for the World Bank Group with significant input from government counterparts and other development partners. It takes stock of major recent developments and argues that a lot has been achieved in the last decade in terms of production of commodities for export and food consumption, with favorable impact on rural poverty reduction. It also argues that the two factors driving the recent agricultural performance, namely favorable international prices and expansion of the agricultural frontier, have reached their limits.
Agriculture remains fundamental for Nicaragua from both a macroeconomic and social view. It is the largest sector of the Nicaraguan economy, and it remains the single biggest employer with around 30 percent of the labor force and including processed foods, like meat and sugar, agriculture accounts for around 40 percent of total exports value. Nicaragua appears to be gradually losing competitive edge of some of its key agricultural exports within the most important export markets.
The "Technological Innovation Act", promulgated in Brazil in 2004, represents the main legal framework implemented to promote technological innovation and to delineate a favorable scenario for scientific development in Brazil. It regulates specially the relationship between Scientific and Technological Institutions (STI) - such as universities and public research institutes - and private companies in Brazil.
En el artículo analizamos la innovación biotecnológica relacionada con los sectores agrícola y alimentario en México. Tomamos en cuenta las políticas públicas, las leyes y las reglamentaciones; la dinámica del sector y del merado. Asimismo, analizamos la forma en la que las empresas agro-alimentarias pueden aprovechar los insumos de conocimiento científico y tecnológico que ofrece la biotecnología.
Este documento trata del nacimiento y actuación de la REAF (Reunión Especializada de Agricultura Familiar) como órgano asesor de los órganos ejecutivos del Mercosur. El documento trata también del reconocimiento de la agricultura familiar como una categoría que requiere de políticas diferenciadas, instalado en el lenguaje a nivel del bloque y de los países que lo integran.