À l’occasion de l’année internationale des coopératives, le modèle coopératif est-il trop ou pas assez glorifié ? En pointant le rôle important des coopératives pour le développement social, ses valeurs de solidarité et d’autonomie, l’Assemblée générale des Nations unies a décidé de mettre cette forme de mutualisation à l’honneur en 2012. Mais quels critères permettent de classer les coopératives au-dessus d’autres formes associatives ? Et les manières d’élaborer et de concevoir les coopératives sont-elles identiques au Sud et au Nord ?
Sustainable intensification of smallholder farming is a serious option for satisfying 2050 global cereal requirements and alleviating persistent poverty. That option seems far off for Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) where technology-driven productivity growth has largely failed. The article revisits this issue from a number of angles: current approaches to enlisting SSA smallholders in agricultural development; the history of the phenomenal productivity growth in the USA, The Netherlands and Green Revolution Asia; and the current framework conditions for SSA productivity growth.
Este documento describe y evalua el programa de FIDA en Perú. Este programa involucró un enfoque multidimensional para escalonar con el tiempo, en sectores y a través de sectores, dentro y más allá de áreas geográficas, y con múltiples instituciones. El punto de partida fue el sector agrícola. El Proyecto FEAS (Fomento de la Transferencia de Tecnología a las Comunidades Campesinas en la Sierra) fue el primero de una secuencia de proyectos.
Based on international literature, preliminary experiences in a three-country West African research programme, and on the disappointing impact of agricultural research on African farm innovation, the current paper argues that institutional change demands rethinking the pathways to innovation so as to acknowledge the role of rules, distribution of power and wealth, interaction and positions. The time is opportune: climate change, food insecurity, high food prices and concomitant riots are turning national food production into a political issue also for African leaders.
El Gobierno de Perú está comprometido en mejorar el nivel de la electrificación rural, incrementando la cobertura del servicio eléctrico en áreas rurales de un 55 por ciento estimado para fines de 2010 a un 88 por ciento para el 2020. El presente informe consiste en una evaluación de los usos productivos de la electricidad en Perú dentro del contexto del Proyecto de Electrificación Rural cuyo propósito es ampliar el servicio de electricidad y atraer la participación de la población, los gobiernos locales y las empresas eléctricas de distribución regionales.
En la región andina está creciendo la necesidad por sistemas de I&D orientados al cliente, que incluyan la participación de los grupos sociales involucrados.
In order to realize the potential of agricultural innovation in family farming, national priorities of sustainably increasing food production and productivity, and reducing hunger and poverty, require rural knowledge institutions to be stronger and communication processes to be improved. This brief synthesizes the focus of FAO’s research and extension branch on transforming agricultural innovation systems of member countries.
The purpose of this article is to investigate the functions of design process outputs (such as design briefs, scale models, visualizations, animations) as boundary objects in the implementation of novel agricultural production system concepts.
Historically, farmers have been some of the most innovative people in the world. However, agriculture lags behind other sectors in its uptake of new information technologies for the control and automation of farming systems. In spite of decades of research into innovation, generally we still do not have a good understanding as to why this is the case. This paper reviews two theories of innovation and offers a new approach to thinking about agricultural ICT (e-Agriculture). It firstly explores the problem of ICT adoption in agriculture.
This paper assesses why participation in markets for small ruminants is relatively low in northern Ghana by analysing the technical and institutional constraints to innovation in smallholder small ruminant production and marketing in Lawra and Nadowli Districts. It is argued in this paper that for the majority of smallholders, market production, which requires high levels of external inputs or intensification of resource use, is not a viable option.