En Afrique, le droit sur le sol doit d’abord permettre l’accès à celui-ci. Pour l’agriculteur familial, ce droit est généralement celui des coutumes, que des procédures innovantes permettent de sécuriser. Les investisseurs préfèrent les titres de propriété ou les attributions du sol par l’État. Le droit foncier peut aussi être mobilisé pour garantir des crédits. Mais des contraintes limitent ce droit, résultant de l’existence de ressources naturelles renouvelables (ou non) dont l’exploitation concurrence celle de l’agriculture.
Le semis direct est un système de production fondé sur le non-travail du sol. Il intègre une série de pratiques agricoles qui permettent de protéger les sols cultivés de l’érosion, de réduire les consommations de carburants, voire d’augmenter les rendements. Le large succès du semis direct au Brésil, contribue à la compétitivité et à la forte croissance de ses productions tout en préservant les sols. Le système complet du semis direct sous couvert est fondé sur trois principes : le non-labour, la couverture permanente du sol et des rotations culturales.
En este artículo se hace un análisis histórico del funcionamiento de la cadena de valor láctea en Chile entre 1975 y 2005. Para ello se ha utilizado información procedente de distintas fuentes estadísticas, así como estudios e informes de la época considerada. El objetivo es demostrar que la generación de un sector competitivo, abierto a la competencia internacional, e incluso exportador, no es el resultado de la actuación de las fuerzas libres del mercado, sino de una política pública aplicada de una forma que a la vez resulta flexible y persistente en el tiempo.
Papa Andina began as a regional research program focusing on the Andean potato sectors of Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru, but later shifted its focus to facilitating pro-poor innovation. To accomplish this shift, a number of approaches were developed to foster innovation, by facilitating mutual learning and collective action among individuals and groups with differing, often conflicting, interests.
Este documente tiene el objetivo de apoyar la formulación de políticas públicas en TIC para la agricultura, trae un proceso de análisis y sistematización de las metodologías e instrumentos existentes para caracterizar el estado y la situación de las TIC en la institucionalidad pública para la agricultura.La metodología propuesta en este documento, la que se orienta a caracterizar el estado de las TIC en la institucionalidad pública para la agricultura y a impulsar la construcción de una visión común que permita solventar las deficiencias identificadas, posee cuatro componentes: Marco normat
This paper examines how the different institutional innovations arising from various permutations of linkages and interactions of ARD organizations (national, international advanced agricultural research centres and universities) influenced the different outcomes in addressing identified ARD problems.
Classical innovation adoption models implicitly assume homogenous information flow across farmers, which is often not realistic. As a result, selection bias in adoption parameters may occur. We focus on tissue culture (TC) banana technology that was introduced in Kenya more than 10 years ago. Up till now, adoption rates have remained relatively low.
Research, extension, and advisory services are some of the most knowledge-intensive elements of agricultural innovation systems. They are also among the heaviest users of information communication technologies (ICTs). This module introduces ICT developments in the wider innovation and knowledge systems as well as explores drivers of ICT use in research and extension.
What can we learn from ongoing initiatives? There has been a lot of interest during the last two decades in employing Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for achieving development. While many of these initiatives have benefited rural women by way of access to new information and new employment opportunities, women still face a number of constraints in accessing ICTs. This paper explores the role of ICTs in empowering Indian rural women, through a review of ICT initiatives in India.
Research, extension, and advisory services are some of the most knowledge-intensive elements of agricultural innovation systems. They are also among the heaviest users of information communication technologies (ICTs). This module introduces ICT developments in the wider innovation and knowledge systems as well as explores drivers of ICT use in research and extension