Les informations géospatiales et leurs produits dérivés, conçus pour contribuer à la définition des politiques publiques agricoles, sont peu utilisés en Afrique. Les infrastructures, la formation et les compétences manquent ; les activités de recherche et développement sont dispersées et insuffisantes. Mais, surtout, les besoins restent mal formalisés et l’offre technologique, impulsée par les pays industrialisés, est peu adaptée aux caractéristiques des agricultures africaines.
Dans le contexte des masses de données textuelles liées à l’agriculture aujourd’hui disponibles, leur indexation devient un enjeu crucial pour les organismes de recherche. Une manière d’indexer au mieux les documents consiste à en extraire la terminologie. Cet article explore l’utilisation et la combinaison de méthodologies de fouille de textes afin de mettre en exergue, puis de publier dans des systèmes d’open data, les termes les plus adaptés issus de documents.
La concertation semble en passe de devenir une norme en matière de gestion des ressources naturelles et de l'environnement. Pourtant, son impact reste difficile à caractériser, ce qui génère une forme de désenchantement auprès de ses promoteurs. Au cours d'un projet de recherche concertée à La Réunion, nous avons cherché à mieux comprendre comment la concertation influence l'écologie territoriale.
In recent years the there has been an increasing recognition of the potential of the innovation systems concept to provide new ways of making more effective use of agricultural research and improve its impact on socially desirable outcomes. This paper documents the experiences of a group of researchers in India who experimented with this framework and tried to operationalise its principles in project design. The paper comments on some of the implications of using this approach and the challenges it presents for implementers of agricultural research projects in developing countries.
There is increasing demand for institutional reform in the agricultural sciences. This paper presents lessons from the content and directions in soil science research in India, to make a case for institutional reform in the agricultural sciences. It demonstrates how existing institutional and organizational contexts shape the research content of the soil sciences and its sub-disciplines. These contexts also shape the capacity of the soil sciences to understand and partner with other components of the wider natural resource management (NRM) innovation systems.
Malaria afflicts many people in the developing world, and due to its direct and indirect costs it has widespread impacts on growth and development. The global impact of malaria on human health, productivity, and general well-being is profound. Human activity, including agriculture, has been recognized as one of the reasons for the increased intensity of malaria around the world, because it supports the breeding of mosquitoes that carry the malaria parasite.
Science and technology (S&T) are major contributors to food security, poverty reduction, and economic growth, as has been proven in Asia since the early-1970s through the Green Revolution in agriculture. Continuing to secure such gains, however, is becoming an increasingly complex undertaking. More than ever, quantitative data are vital for measuring, monitoring, and benchmarking the performance of agricultural S&T systems, including their inputs and outcomes.
There are divergent views on what capacity development might mean in relation to agricultural biotechnology. The core of this debate is whether this should involve the development of human capital and research infrastructure, or whether it should encompass a wider range of activities which also include developing the capacity to use knowledge productively. This paper uses the innovation systems concept to shed light on this discussion, arguing that it is innovation capacity rather than science and technology capacity that has to be developed.
This study examines the contributions of IFPRI over the last 10 years to policy development, training, and capacity-strengthening activities with Malawi, focused particularly on addressing the chronic food insecurity and malnutrition that has prevailed for the last 60 years.The paper is divided into five sections.
This study was undertaken to assess the utility of remotely sensed net primary productivity (NPP) data to measure agricultural sustainability by applying a new methodology that captures spatial variability and trends in total NPP and in NPP removed at harvest. The sustainable intensification of agriculture is widely promoted as a means for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and transitioning toward a more productive, sustainable, and inclusive agriculture, particularity in fragile environments.